Effectiveness of social marketing strategies to reduce youth obesity in European school-based interventions : a systematic review and meta-analysis

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A Youth-Led, Social Marketing Intervention Run by Adolescents to Encourage Healthy Lifestyles among Younger School Peers (EYTO-Kids Project) : A Protocol for Pilot Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial (Spain)

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Involving young people in health promotion, research and policy-making : practical recommendations

Youth is a dynamic and complex transition period in life where many factors jeopardize its present and future health. Youth involvement enables young people to influence processes and decisions that affect them, leading to changes in themselves and their environment (e.g. peers, services, communities and policies); this strategy could be applied to improve health and prevent diseases. Nonetheless, scientific evidence of involving youth in health-related programmes is scarce. The aim of this paper is to describe youth involvement as a health promotion strategy and to compile practical recommendations for health promoters, researchers and policy makers interested in successful involvement of young people in health-related programmes. These suggestions aim to encourage a positive working synergy between adults and youth during the development, implementation and evaluation of policies, research and/or health promotion efforts that target adolescents.PostprintPeer reviewe

Impact of a youth-led social marketing intervention run by adolescents to encourage healthy lifestyles among younger school peers (EYTO-Kids project) : a parallel-cluster randomised controlled pilot study

Acknowledgements: This Spanish research project was supported by the Central Market of Reus, Spain (Mercat Central de Reus), which provided fresh food for the intervention. We thank the professors, parents and students of the Reus primary and high schools for their enthusiastic participation in this study. Funding: This research project was funded by Obra Social La Caixa, Convocatòria acció social 2015. Reference: AS15-00350//17.980 euros.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Cost-Effectiveness of the EdAl (Educacio en Alimentacio) Program: A Primary School-Based Study to Prevent Childhood Obesity

Background: The cost-effectiveness of childhood obesity prevention interventions is critical for their sustained implementation. This study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of the Educacio en Alimentacio (EdAl) program, a school-based intervention for reducing obesity. Methods: Total EdAl program implementation costs and per-child costs were estimated. Cost-effectiveness, defined using the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER), was estimated as the difference between the intervention and control group costs divided by the obesity-related outcome effects for boys (avoided cases of obesity', obesity prevalence, body mass index [BMI], and BMI z-score units) for each group. As a significant difference (4.39%) in the reduction of obesity prevalence between the intervention and control groups was observed for boys in the EdAl program, the data were calculated only for boys. Results: The intervention cost was 24,246.53 (sic) for 1,550 children (15.64 (sic)/child/3 years) or 5.21 f/child/year. The ICERs/ boy were 968.66 (sic) to avoid one case of obesity, 3.6 (sic) to reduce the obesity prevalence by 1%, 44.68 (sic) to decrease BMI by one unit, and 65.16 (sic) to reduce the BMI z-score by one unit. Conclusions: The cost of reducing the obesity prevalence in boys by 4.39% was 5.21 (sic)/child/year, half the cost proposed by the Spanish Health Ministry, indicating that the EdAl program is cost-effective

Impact of a youth-led social marketing intervention run by adolescents to encourage healthy lifestyles among younger school peers (EYTO-Kids project): a parallel-cluster randomised controlled pilot study

Background: Encouraging healthy lifestyles in children is a challenge. This project aimed to improve lifestyles of younger peers by engaging adolescent creators (ACs) to design and implement peer-led and social marketing (SM) health-promoting activities. Methods: A 10-month parallel-cluster randomised controlled school-based pilot study was performed in disadvantaged neighbourhoods in Reus (Spain) spanning two academic years (2015-2016/2016-2017). Eight primary schools (n=375 children) and four high schools (n=94ACs) were randomly placed in the intervention group. The 94 ACs (12-14 years) designed and implemented four SM activities for their younger peers (9-11 years). Eight primary schools (n=327 children) and three high schools (n=98 adolescents) served as the control group and received no intervention. Primary (physical activity and fruit consumption) and secondary outcomes (screen time, vegetables, soft drinks, sweets and fast food consumptions) were assessed with validated questionnaires at baseline and at the end of the study. Results: After 10 months, fruit consumption and physical activity were maintained in the children who consumed ≥1 fruit/day and spent ≥6 hours/week physical activity. However, compared with the controls, the intervention significantly increased the physical activity of girls to 15.6 min/week, whereas the percentage of girls who consumed sweets, soft drinks and fast food decreased significantly by 8.4%, 14.5% and 5.9%, respectively. Additionally, the percentage of ≥2 hour/weekday of screen time by boys decreased significantly by 8.2%. Conclusion: The European Youth Tackling Obesity-Kids, SM and peer-led intervention, effectively increased physical activity hours/week in girls, but was not effective in improving the percentage of children who consumed the recommended fruit. Moreover, the percentages of girls who consumed sweets, soft drinks and fast food and boys screen time decreased

Lipidomics to analyze the influence of diets with different EPA:DHA ratios in the progression of Metabolic Syndrome using SHROB rats as a model

8 páginas, 4 tablasThe role of specific proportions of ω-3 EPA and DHA, in the modulation of inflammation and oxidative stress markers associated to the progression of Metabolic Syndrome was investigated. Potential inflammatory eicosanoids and docosanoids were discussed together to biomarkers of CVD, obesity, inflammation and oxidative stress in an animal model of metabolic disorders. Results evidenced a noteworthy health effect of 1:1 and 2:1 EPA:DHA proportions over 1:2 EPA:DHA based diets through a down-regulation in the production of strong pro-inflammatory ω-6 eicosanoids, a decrement of biomarkers of oxidative stress, and a modulation of fatty acid desaturase activities and plasma and membrane PUFAs towards greater anti-inflammatory profiles. Outcomes contribute to the general knowledge on the health benefits of marine lipids and their role on the progress of MetS, inflammation and oxidative stress. Results shed light on controversial protective mechanisms of EPA and DHA to better design dietary interventions aimed at reducing MetSThis work was supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (AGL2009-12374-C3-1, -2, and -3, and AGL2013-49079-C2-1,2-R). The Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and the University of Santiago de Compostela (USC) are gratefully acknowledged for the doctoral fellowship to Gabriel Dasilva. Xunta de Galicia and European Social Fund are also thankfully recognized for the financial support of the postdoctoral contracts to M. P and E.G.-E., and ISCIII for the postdoctoral contract “Sara Borrell” to J.P.-J. (CD09/00068)Peer reviewe

Cost-Effectiveness of the EdAl (Educació en Alimentació) Program: : A Primary School-Based Study to Prevent Childhood Obesity

We sincerely thank all the participants in this study, their families, and the schools. # MC and ELL contributed equally to this manuscript. This work was supported by a fellowship granted to MC from the “Santander CRUE CEPYME Prácticas en Empresa”. D.M. was partially supported by grants from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III-ISCIII (Spanish Government) cofunded by FEDER funds=European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) - a way to build Europe (References: RD12=0036=0056, PI11=02090 and PI16=01254) and from the Agència de Gestió d’Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca (2014SGR756) and RecerCaixa 2015 (2015ACUP00129). Conflicts of interest: None declared. Supplementary data related to this article can be found at https:== doi.org=10.2188=jea.JE20170111.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Pie plano-valgo adquirido

Es la patología del pie que tiene mayor incidencia durante la infancia. Su recuperación eficaz, además de precisar un largo período de tratamiento, requiere un diagnóstico precoz. Durante la lactancia, a partir de los tres meses, y después, durante la infancia, hasta los tres años aproximadamente, una gruesa y blanda capa de panlculo adiposo determina una configuración que rellena la bóveda y ofrece una falsa imagen de pie plano